Mechanical movement



Patented Aug. 16, 1927.

unitn PATENT. orrics.

JOSEF KRYS'LOFIAQ` OF NEW YORK, N.l Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T0 EMIL WILLBRANDT ANB BLANCEE WILLBRAN/DT, COPARTNERS, TRADING' AS ART ASEPTIBLE FURNITURE COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.l

TvECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

Application filed August 8, 1924. Serial No. 730,808.

My invention relatesv to a mechanical n'iovenient, which transn'iits motion from one member of a device to another, through the intervention of tubular ratehets, and more especially to the method of making the ratchets.'

The object of my invention is to provide a means whereby tubular ratchets can be made from fiat sheet steel or other metals, and then coiled into their tubular form, thereby making them much cheaper to manufact-ure than if they were constructed out of tubing. y

Referring to the drawings: 1 is an asiembled view of a device employing my ratchets.

Fig. 2 is a view of the center ratchet before ceiling.

' F ig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 2, of the side ratchets.

Fig. 4 is an end view of the ratchets after they have been coiled.

Fig. 5 shows av sectional view through 5-5, F ig. 1.

My invention applies generally to all devices wherein tubular ratchets are used, one instance being its application to a so-called pencil used in the art of creating permanent waves in hair, as disclosed in my Patent No. 1,506,935, filed October 4, 1923.

The device shown in Fig. 1, to .illustrate a specific application of my ratchets, consists of a sleeve, 1, mounted on and secured to a plug, 2, in one end thereof, which bears against an end piece, 8, having centrally riveted or otherwise secured thereto, a shaft, 4. IThe shaft, 4, extends centrally through the plug, 2, and throughout the longitudinal length of the sleeve, 1, and at a point along its length is supplied with two splines, 5. Each spline engages with a key seat, 6. A head, 8, is provided at the opposite end of the device to the end( piece, 3, and has a hole, '.7. to permit the shaft, 4, to pass therethrough. The head. 8, is provi. ...d with a shoulder, 9, against which one end of spring, 10. bears,the opposite end of the springlving adjustably compressed and held in position by a nut, 11, threaded to the end the shaft, 4. rEhe nut, 11, is provided with a screw driver slot, 12, for ready adjustment. The head, 8, is shouldered at 13 to accommodate one end of the sleeve, 1, as shown. Between the head, 8, and the plug, 2, I provide three tubular ratchet members, 14, 15 and 16'. The ratchet member, 14, is mounted on a shoulder, 17, on the plug 2, the notch 21 enwith a pin, 22, so that it cannot turn thereon. y

A .similar ratchet, 16, is mounted on a shoulder, 18, formed on the end of thehead, 8, and is also not free. to move thereon, being .Secured thereto in the same manner as ratchet 14 is secured to the plug. 2. Between the ratchets 14 and 16, I provide a ratchet, 15, the blank ofv which is shown` in Fig. 2. rlhe blank of the ratchets y14 and 16 is shown in F 8. The ratchets 14 and 1 6 areipro-y vided with saw teeth on one ,edge only, while ratchet 15 has saw teeth on both edges. The saw teeth of the three ratchets, 14, 15 and 16 engage with each other, as shown in Fig. 1, and it is seen that all of the saw teeth point in the same direction; in other words, the saw teeth on both sides of the ratchet, 15, are formed one way. The outside diameter of the ratchet members, 14, 15 and 16 is slightly less than the inside diameter of the sleeve, 1. The reason for this is that in the construction shown, the inside diameter of the sleeve, 1, forms a bearing for the outside of the ratchet member, 15.

The operation of my device is as follows:

If the sleeve, 1, is held stationary, that is, v

so it cannot rotate, and the head, 8, is turned clockwise, looking at Fig. 1 from the right, then it is seen that the ratchet teeth on the member, 16, will ride over the ratchet teeth on the member, 15, the spring, 10, at all times tending to hold the teeth resiliently together. during the operation of one set of teeth passing over the other. If, now, the reverse movement of the head 8 is considered,` that is to say, when it moves in a counter clockwise direction, looking at Fig. 1 from the right, then the ratchet member 15 is carried along with the ratchet member, 16, and the teeth on the ratchet member, 15, ride over the teeth on the ratchet member, 14, the spring, 10, always acting to hold the teeth longitudinally in contact with each other.

It is seen therefore that the head, 8, is free to move in either direction, while the sleeve, 1, is held stationary, and vice versa, and that the increment of movement of the hea-d, 8, is fixed, and well-defined by the ratchet teeth referred to. It is seen that as the head, 8, passes through an angle conforming to the spacing` of the teeth, that the spring, 10, will snap the parts together instantly, as the high point of one tooth passes the other. This construction, therefore, gives a definite and well defined seriesyof positions for the head, 8, with reference to the sleeve, 1.

In order to facilitate the manufacture of the ratchets, 14, 15 and 16, I blank these in a die, preferably out of sheet steel, as shown in the flat in Figs. 2 and 8. One end, 19, of the blank l form with an angular projection, 19, as shown; the other' end of the blank l form with a recess, 20, to conform in shape with the projection, 19, the projection, 19, and the recess, 20, being so spaced longitudinally of the blank that when they are coiled into tubular form, the projection, 19, enters and fits into the recess` 20.

I may blank these ratchet members out of soft steel and after coiling` them into shape, harden and temper them, or I may blank them out of machinery steel, and after coiling them in shape, case harden them. rEhe economy of manufacturing' tubular ratchets in this manner is self-evident.

I do not limit myself to the precise convby those skilled in the arts to which it is applicable, nor do I limit myself to any particular art, as the mechanism shown is applicable, nor do i limit myself to a construc-v tion where there are three ratchets, as shown th` d'sawing for the reason that if it were desired to rotate the head, 8, in but one direction, .it would onlj'7 be necessary to use two ratchetmembers, that is to say, if the head, it were to be rotated clockwise, looking at 1 from the right, then the ratchet members 15 and 1G only would be necessary.

l,What l claim, and wish to secure by Letters ida-tent is:

As a new article of manufacture, a ratchet comprising` a sheet having teeth in the parallol edges of said sheet, the sheet having a recess at one end, and a projection at the other end, and said sheet having a tubular form with a projection at one end of the sheet entering into the recess at the other end of the sheet.

JOSEF KRYSTOFIAK. 

